![]() He argued that humans risk losing their economic value because intelligence will be decoupled from consciousness. The historian Yuval Noah Harari undertook the task, imagining a future where the automation of machines would cause the disappearance of the majority of jobs. Although no one can predict with certainty what artificial superintelligence might look like, it remains possible to imagine it by producing stories that stimulate our thinking. If, like HAL 9000, AI computers try to write stories, they are still far from reaching the standards set by human authors. ![]() Credit: Photojunkie/Wikipédia, CC BYĪnd in the domain of reading and understanding stories, Google has just launched its "Talk to book" service that allows users to converse in natural language with an automatic learning algorithm that is supposed to help them in their future reading choices. In the second stage, the computer generated its own works that it improved by collaborating with humans who responded to its messages via Twitter. The first stage was to train the program with stories written by humans taken from a database of over 140,000 references. More recently, a program designed by MIT's Media Lab – baptised "Shelley" after Mary Shelley, the author of Frankenstein or, The Modern Prometheus – created terrifying tales, designed to scare. ![]() Martin, but the text is, for the most part, understandable and the predictions are similar to some of the theories that are popular with fans of the series. The result is far from equal to the work of author George R. The following year, in the same spirit but without a digital co-author, Zack Thoutt, a fan of the TV series Game of Thrones, used a neural network fed with over 5,000 pages of text from the books on which it was based to predict what might happen next in the story. Of course, the jury knew nothing about the "authors". Of more than 1,450 submissions for the prize, 11 had been written, at least in part, by a non-human. It was prewritten by an AI research team from the University of Hakodate, whose work initially consisted of selecting words and sentences, then defining parameters that allowed a program to "write" the novel. In 2016, a novel titled The Day a Computer Writes a Novel… Almost won a Japanese literary prize, the Nikkei Hoshi Shinichi. Although reality is still far from catching up with fiction, some initial findings in this area are worth thinking about. Kubrick's work thus makes it possible to conceive the risks caused by superintelligence not in terms of technical domination, but as the construction of an imperfect narrative identity. In principle the humans are the computer's designers but, if it is to be believed, could it in fact be the computer itself? Adopting this line of reasoning, the machine gives itself a status that crew members could not imagine – that of a living, sentient and thinking being. The machine refuses to admit this, and, caught out, it claims that the mistake is due to "human error". Although considered to be infallible, HAL makes an error. It tells the story of the struggle and eventual conquest of a human being, the only survivor of a methodical programme of extermination led by a sentient supercomputer.Īboard the spaceship Discovery One, only the supercomputer HAL 9000 has been informed by its creators of the purpose of the mission: to reach Jupiter and search for signs of extra-terrestrial intelligence. However, the imaginations of artists and scientists are a treasure trove of material that tells the story of superintelligence freed from any human control.Ģ001: A Space Odyssey is a forerunner of contemporary controversies. To date, we have no experience of accidents or disasters due to faulty or malicious AI. These two events propel us into a debate over the risks created by the development of superintelligence that could eliminate jobs on a massive scale or, even worse, wipe the human species off the face of the planet – and raise the question of how to assess such a threat.
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